![]() read more ), blood pressure difference between the extremities ( coarctation of the aorta Palpation Complete examination of all systems is essential to detect peripheral and systemic effects of cardiac disorders and evidence of noncardiac disorders that might affect the heart. It causes persistent or paroxysmal hypertension. read more, catecholamine excess Pheochromocytoma A pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine-secreting tumor of chromaffin cells typically located in the adrenals. Treatment is with methimazole and sometimes. Diagnosis is by thyroid function testing (eg, free serum thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone). Vital signs: Tachycardia ( hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism in Infants and Children Hyperthyroidism is excessive thyroid hormone production. read more, immunoglobulin A–associated vasculitis Immunoglobulin A–Associated Vasculitis (IgAV) Immunoglobulin A–associated vasculitis (formerly called Henoch-Schönlein purpura) is vasculitis that affects primarily small vessels. Common manifestations may include arthralgias and. read more ), rash ( systemic lupus erythematosus Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, multisystem, inflammatory disorder of autoimmune etiology, occurring predominantly in young women. Diagnosis requires specific clinical criteria and imaging. read more ), ash-leaf spots/adenoma sebaceum ( tuberous sclerosis complex Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) Tuberous sclerosis complex is a dominantly inherited genetic disorder in which tumors (usually hamartomas) develop in multiple organs. read more, corticosteroid therapy), café-au-lait spots/neurofibromas ( neurofibromatosis Neurofibromatosis Neurofibromatosis refers to several related disorders that have overlapping clinical manifestations but that are now understood to have distinct genetic causes. Cushing disease is Cushing syndrome that results from. read more ), acne/hirsutism/striae ( Cushing syndrome Cushing Syndrome Cushing syndrome is a constellation of clinical abnormalities caused by chronic high blood levels of cortisol or related corticosteroids. Skin: Pallor/flushing ( catecholamine excess Pheochromocytoma A pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine-secreting tumor of chromaffin cells typically located in the adrenals. read more, corticosteroid excess Cushing Syndrome Cushing syndrome is a constellation of clinical abnormalities caused by chronic high blood levels of cortisol or related corticosteroids. Symptoms and signs include episodic weakness. read more, mineralocorticoid excess Primary Aldosteronism Primary aldosteronism is aldosteronism caused by autonomous production of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex (due to hyperplasia, adenoma, or carcinoma). ![]() ![]() read more )Įndocrine disease (eg, hyperthyroidism Pheochromocytoma A pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine-secreting tumor of chromaffin cells typically located in the adrenals. Many anomalies are asymptomatic and diagnosed via prenatal ultrasonography or part of a routine evaluation. read more, dysplastic kidneys Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) The urinary tract is a common location for congenital anomalies of varying significance. read more ) or renal structural abnormalities (eg, obstructive uropathy, polycystic kidney disease Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease The urinary tract is a common location for congenital anomalies of varying significance. The diagnosis is suspected in children with urinary tract infections. read more, reflux nephropathy Vesicoureteral Reflux and Reflux Nephropathy Reflux nephropathy is renal scarring presumably induced by vesicoureteral reflux of infected urine into the renal parenchyma. ![]() Symptoms may be absent or may include fever. read more, pyelonephritis Chronic Pyelonephritis Chronic pyelonephritis is continuing pyogenic infection of the kidney that occurs almost exclusively in patients with major anatomic abnormalities. Renal parenchymal disease (eg, glomerulonephritis Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is characterized by a pattern of glomerular injury on light microscopy, including hypercellularity and thickening of the glomerular basement membrane.
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